Biotechnology Application in Some Environmental Pollutants and Agriculture Sectors

In recent years there has been a shift in public opinion, with people becoming more ecologically aware. The shift in public opinion and political influence combined with the increasing price of oil, has driven industries to investigate biodegradable alternatives to plastic, which are not manufactured using petrochemical methods PHB has many promising applications in medicine, material science, food industries and agriculture. This discovery encouraged new research aimed at investigating theproduction of PHAs produced entirely from bacterial fermentation, whilst also focusing on methods to reduce the cost of production. Pollution is a condition in which contaminants are introduced into the natural environments leading to adverse changes in the environment and human activity. Pollutants or contaminants are the components that cause pollution and the may be foreign chemicals, substances, or different forms of energy like heat, noise etc. The environmental pollution by petro based plastics a cause of concern, which are non-biodegradable. However, uncontrolled usage of these plastic materials has led to the accumulation of huge amounts of non-degradable waste materials, which become a major concern in terms of the natural environment. Agricultural biotechnology delivers biomass for food, feed, genetic modifications, and molecular tools to enhance the plant breeding potential, resulting in increased food supplies, farm income, and reduced damage to ecology and environment. Agricultural biotechnology is an area of agricultural science involving the use of scientific tools and techniques, including genetic engineering, molecular markers, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, and tissue culture, to modify living organisms: plants, animals, and microorganisms.